CAP Theorem helps us evaluate what type of system we need. Which two aspects of distributed system we want to optimize on from the three - Consistency, Availability and Partition tolerance.

When discussing scalability most architects and developers will think in terms of horizontal vs vertical scaling. However, there is another framework called 'The Scale Cube' that architects can employ to design scalable systems.

We will go through most popular types of databases and try to understand in which type of database is to be used in any given situation. Any system which has decent scale and lots of moving parts use more than one type of databases.

DNS stands for Domain Name System, and it is one of the core technologies that allow the internet to function. DNS acts like a phonebook for the internet.

Load balancing is a method used to distribute incoming network traffic across multiple servers to ensure that no single server becomes overwhelmed by the load.

A Content Delivery Network (CDN) is a system of distributed servers that deliver web content, like images, videos, and scripts, to users based on their geographic location.

Caching has been around since the early days of computing. Early computers had very slow access to memory and storage. The concept of caching became crucial as it allowed systems to store frequently used data closer to the processor (in faster memory) for quick access.

Basic Auth, OAuth 2.0, OpenID Connect, Scopes, Access Code, Access Token & Refresh Tokens in plain english

Latency and Throughput are two fundamental concepts in software systems, especially in distributed computing, networking, and performance optimization.

Data Partitioning a process of dividing a large dataset into smaller, more manageable pieces that can be stored and accessed separately was introduced as the size of data being managed grew.